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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ICA-Proc</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Proceedings of the ICA</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ICA-Proc</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Proc. Int. Cartogr. Assoc.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2570-2092</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/ica-proc-7-6-2025</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A Wide-and-Deep-Based Time Sequence Model for Predicting Power Outages Caused by Extreme Winter Storms</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Jikun</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0592-6805</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Zhe</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cheng</surname>
<given-names>Yuhan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lee</surname>
<given-names>Jangjae</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Paal</surname>
<given-names>Stephanie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Diya</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Texas A&amp;M University, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Meta USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>21</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<elocation-id>6</elocation-id>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2025 Jikun Liu et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://ica-proc.copernicus.org/articles/7/6/2025/ica-proc-7-6-2025.html">This article is available from https://ica-proc.copernicus.org/articles/7/6/2025/ica-proc-7-6-2025.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://ica-proc.copernicus.org/articles/7/6/2025/ica-proc-7-6-2025.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://ica-proc.copernicus.org/articles/7/6/2025/ica-proc-7-6-2025.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>In February 2021, Winter Storm Uri caused widespread power outages across Texas, affecting over 5 million people and resulting in an estimated $190 billion in damages. To support extreme weather outage resilience, this study introduces the Wide-and-Deep-Based Time Sequence Algorithm (WDTSA) for predicting power outage severity. The model combines a deep bidirectional LSTM for time-lagged weather and outage history with a wide pathway for weakly temporal features, enabling synergistic integration of heterogeneous inputs. This dual pathway design significantly outperforms standard baselines, achieving 0.99 accuracy at coarse resolution (K=3) and 0.84 at fine granularity (K=15), utilizing fewer parameters than expanded LSTM alternatives. Ablation and comparative analyses confirm that the performance gains arise from specialized feature routing and non-additive synergy between input groups, growingly so under complex classification tasks. County-level visualizations during Winter Storm Uri are provided to illustrate the model&amp;rsquo;s ability to anticipate outage progression, offering actionable forecasts for emergency planning. While current validation focuses on extreme events and does not offer spatial dependency modeling, the framework provides a compact and flexible foundation for resilient grid operations and targeted response in potential weather-induced disruptions.</p>
</abstract>
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