A Holistic View on Volunteered Geographic Information

Abstract. With the rise of web and online mapping technologies since the early 2000s, Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) has emerged as a significant resource for generating and disseminating diverse geographic data. VGI can be characterized in multiple ways, depending on factors such as data nature, contribution purpose, collection methods, and utilization approaches. However, specific strategies may only be applicable to certain situations, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive framework to examine the diverse challenges and solutions associated with various VGI types. Although numerous conceptual frameworks exist for specific VGI applications, such as disaster or crisis management, a more inclusive framework addressing the overall VGI landscape remains lacking. This study proposes a versatile conceptual framework that captures the multifaceted nature of VGI. The framework presents parameters and criteria for evaluating similarities and differences across the VGI spectrum, ultimately identifying major VGI types and their practical implications. The framework offers a valuable tool for systematic investigation and comparison of both static and dynamic contexts, fostering a deeper understanding of the VGI and its applications.